My great grandfather in Burma (1920)

Mr P Marshall (my great - grandfather and the person who was the photographer for all the following images. He has added comments to each photo which are included below.)

S M Challenor

R Roth

"Bangalow at Mg Hang, roofed with tiles. This method of roofing is the first ever attempted in the district and has proved quite sucessful

Bingalow at Mg Hang

Main Street at Mg Hang Village

"Myook of Mg Hang village, wearing ATM for quelling rising in 1915"

"First transport cart ever made in the district."

"Our present dry weather transport for travelling. The district has been opened up by a system of cart roads for the extraction of timber by buffalo carting with the result that few parts of the forest remain inaccessible to this means of travelling. Bicycles can likewise be used."

"A few of our young elephants born in the district, with ages ranging from 5 to 16 years which are a most useful means of transport during the rains. The older elephants are also employed dragging small timber."

"Young elephant riders chiefly composed of Laos from Chiengmai."

"A few of the "knuts" amoing thre riders"

"A shady camp in the forest"

"The same camp - our tents."

"A typical bamboo bridge over the Nam Hang."

"Some types of contractors and headmen. From L to R a Burman from Pyinmana, a Lao from Luang Prabang Siam, a Burman, head sinoke of the district and responsible for at least 3 murders by his own hand in Siam, where he has done 2 years and a Shan - Chinese Contractor."

"An ungirdled teak tree (in centre.)"

"A girdled teak tree"

"A girdled teak tree showing the "girdle" or ring a 2 Tawgoungs near by."

"Felling a dry girdled teak tree."

"The tree falling."

""The same tree felled."

"Logging the same."

""Loading log on the "gindake" or 2 wheeled solid wooden cart."

"Vista down a forest cart road."

"Typical bridge for carting over deep ravine."

"Buffaloes carting a log."

"Unloading a log off a gindake (cart.)"

Delivery point Upper Nam Hang at Pone An. Logs are floated down to the H Hom waterfall from here."

"Delivery point Upper Nam Hang at Pone An. Logs are floated down to the H Hom waterfall from here."

"Delivery point Upper Nam Hang at Pone An. Logs are floated down to the H Hom waterfall from here."

"Delivery point upper Nam Hang, another view."

"Waterfall at H Hom; from here to where the river enters the hill there is a succession of falls and ledges. Logs are therefore taken out of the river above thais fall, and worked over a hill to where the river re-appears - a distance of 6 3/4 miles."

"Another view"

"The cave - below the above fall - into which the river disappears."

" In the cave looking downstream."

"Further in the cave (note man on rocks.)"

" Another view from further back."

"The exit of the cave from inside."

"Another view showing sand banks. Theese become coveredwith guano during the dry weather from the masses of bats/swallows which live in the cave. This guano is one of the ingredients of the locally made gunpowder. Note figure in the centre."

"The exit of the river from the hill, the distance through the hill being about 1 1/2 miles."

" This is where the logs are taken out of the river above the fall (already mentioned) A capstan is worked by buffaloes dragging the logs up the slipway and loading them onto gindakes (carts.) on which they are taken up and along the hill to the top of the chute, and then sent down the river again, just below the exit from the hill."

"Looking down the same slipway"

"The shed over the capstan and gear (3 posts etc.) for taughtening the endless wire rope, which drags up the logs."

"Inside the shed."

"The top of the slipway and gindake in position for loading."

"Loading the same."